[MUSIC] [SOUND] A two minute history, let's see if I can do it, of the evolution of journalism technology and I want to start it in about the year 150 before the common era when the Chinese were inventing paper. The Koreans came along and were working with the paper and they were starting to make wooden presses. Several hundred years as the presses were being developed and the idea of movable type made out of metal in the 1450s, Johannes Gutenberg revolutionized communication. And then we have a long period of not much in the mid 50s, 1850s start to get inventions that are starting to become the things we see today. Photography, the telegraph is being refined and then in the late 1800s we had an explosion of new technologies. The 1890s we have motion pictures. This picture you see here is, yes, that's an early camera, it looks like a gun but this is how they used the technology that was a riffle to create something that could shoot 12 frames a second. In 1927, a 21 year old, building on ideas of other inventors, created the first workable television. And so one of the first images broadcast on that very early television was a picture of cash. After the television what came next? Not for 50 years until we get the next big surge and that was the first mobile telephone. Not a cellphone, it was more like a brick with an antenna. 1980, the first personal computer. 1991, the web. 1992, the smartphone. 1995, Amazon, eBay, Craigslist. 1996, Hotmail. 1998, PayPal, Google, YAHOO! 2001, Wikipedia. 2003, Skype. 2004, Facebook. 2005, YouTube and renren. 2006, VK and Twitter. 2007, Kindle for reading books. 2008, Spotify for listening to music. 2009, Weibo and Bing. 2010, Instagram. 2011, Snapchat. 2012, Coursera in massive open online courses. So, here we are today. [LAUGH] What a ride it has been in the past 20 years. [MUSIC]