Participatory integrated mapping of land uses

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En provenance du cours de Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Sustainability of Social-Ecological Systems: the Nexus between Water, Energy and Food

13 notes

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Sustainability of Social-Ecological Systems: the Nexus between Water, Energy and Food

13 notes

In this course you will become familiar with the ideas of the water-energy-food nexus and transdisciplinary thinking. You will learn to see your community or country as a complex social-ecological system and to describe its water, energy and food metabolism in the form of a pattern, as well as to map the categories of social actors. We will provide you with the tools to measure the nexus elements and to analyze them in a coherent way across scales and dimensions of analysis. In this way, your quantitative analysis will become useful for informed decision-making. You will be able to detect and quantify dependence on non-renewable resources and externalization of environmental problems to other societies and ecosystems (a popular ‘solution’ in the western world). Practical case studies, from both developed and developing countries, will help you evaluate the state-of-play of a given community or country and to evaluate possible solutions. Last but not least, you will learn to see pressing social-ecological issues, such as energy poverty, water scarcity and inequity, from a radically different perspective, and to question everything you’ve been told so far. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Part of the results and case studies presented have been developed within two projects: MAGIC and PARTICIPIA. However, the course does not reflect the views of the funding institutions or of the project partners as a whole, and the case studies were presented purely with an educational and illustrative purpose.

À partir de la leçon

Module 6. The metabolic pattern of social-ecological systems across multiple scales and dimensions

We talked about scales and dimensions a lot, and this week we will explore and understand these concepts better. You will learn to account for human activity, an essential fund that is often left out from quantitative analysis, and how GIS tools can be incorporated with the methods you have learnt so far. This week is heavy on theory, to prepare you for week 7 which is all about applications.

Metabolic pattern of rural communities14:50

Participatory integrated mapping of land uses8:26

GIS tools for diagnosis and simulation11:19

Rencontrer les enseignants

Mario Giampietro
ICREA Research Professor
Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA)
Andrea Saltelli
Guest researcher
Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA)
Tarik Serrano
Post-Doc Researcher
Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA)

[MUSIC]

Welcome back to this lesson about how to use GIS,

Graphic Information System and a land use to study rural metabolic patterns.

The second session will be about the participatory integrated mapping

of land uses.

So the goal of the session it is to show an example of how to produce primary

spatial information with participatory methods useful for the MuSIASEM analysis.

We will list the steps undertaken to create a map that establishes external

constraints useful for making a diagnosis, and

simulate possible scenarios of development.

So at the end of the session, I will show the diagrams,

the whole thing, the information can include into the diagrams

that I explain in the previous session.

Gathering information for the geographical analysis,

we could do it using primary information gathered by ourselves.

For example with participatory mapping.

Participatory mapping, it is very interesting, because it is very

relevant to check the perception of the affected actors of their own territory.

As local inhabitants, they can provide you also with

information that otherwise you would not be able to get somewhere else.

And it is also important to check what they consider the problems of their

territory.

On the main aspect of the territory not to tell them what is their problems but to

listen to them and check how they consider their territory and their problems.

So for a particpatory mapping focus groups are recommended,

because you will obtain different information

from different people within your system,

within your community or the area that you're analyzing.

And in order to create a primary information for

the geographical analysis, it's also very useful to use GPS for samples.

GPS are nowadays very affordable,

are quite cheap machines that, they are quite easy to use.

And you can trend a little bit the related, the villages and

they themselves can go through that territory and

check where the geographical features that are important,

all the borders or the rivers, etc., etc., that you require.

Okay, so what do we do with this information?

We can get For example the participatory mapping,

participative sketch map is called.

I am using this example of one case study I was doing in the rain

forest with some peasant communities.

So this is the resulting map, what is the perception of

the arrangement of the different locations of the main things,

the main geographical features that were in the territory.

Using this, later on I can translate it and

take it to a geo reference coordinates and

put this into geographic information system into the digital,

into the software that I will use to create the rest of the map.

So, I will geo-reference this information

using the GPS or other available maps or

geographic information to put this into

the real coordinates that are, for example,

seeing the limits of this rural community.

Then, once I get this, I put the other outliers of information that I have,

for example rivers or municipality borders, etc.

And I could use also area photography, ortophotomaps they are called,

to check and draw all the geographical features.

For example, where the villages are, or where some other things are.

You can recognize them through the pictures, through the photos

that planes or satellites are recognizing of this terrain.

Then, I can get with the GPS some other information.

For example, pathways, plots, households, water sources and

draw these into the map to the GIS software that I'm producing and

to the map that I'm creating.

And I can get a final map with all the information useful to

start making a diagnosis of this territory, of this system.

This is an example.

This example in this case study I was studying many years ago.

We decided to also apart from analyze the current situation,

try to simulate some future scenarios of possible development.

And we use the maps, these maps,

to know what are the external constraints for these external scenarios.

So for example, I wanted to know how much cardamom

crop could be grown in this territory,

in this recommended that I was studying.

So for that purpose I had to get the restraints for growing cardamom.

One of the constraints could be the altitude, because cardamom only

grows at high altitudes, within 600 and 1,500 meters height.

So, I select here in the map only the areas

that are pertaining to that certain altitude.

I can also get the slopes, because you cannot

grow cardamom when the plots are too steep terrain.

So I just get the parts that are, I exclude the parts that are too steep for

growing cardamom with this map.

Then I get a final amount of hectares that I can use

in my territory to grow cardamom.

With this amount of hectares,

with this amount of surface I can use the diagrams that I was

showing before to change the path of the agroecosystem.

And know how many hectares of cardamoms I can expand to this rural community.

It happens that in this scenario,

cardamom was relayed, the surface was more than enough.

So It would become a mono culture for

this community if we can grow as much as we want.

So that means that everything would change in this example.

This community, if they're growing only cardamom,

then there would be a lot of production,

of cultural commodities for the market.

They would get a lot of money, but

they would also require a lot of investment for the inputs of the cardamom.

And they won't be able to grow their own food as they were doing before.

And this is impacting very highly on the commodity, because they will

have to buy all the food from abroad, from outside of the community.

And that means that the money obtained from the cardamom is not

enough to pay all the food and all their expenses that they have.

So this scenario probably is not a good idea in this case.

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