Periodically, measuring the athletes maximum strength, and therefore, the force they can produce provides variable comparison data for assessing how well the athlete's body is adapting to strengths training exercises. Force is the ability to transfer strength into producing movement. Traditionally, a maximum force an athlete can produce is assessed through measuring the amount of weight lifted, or it can be measured by using the height they can jump. It is also been measured by the amount of isometric force the athlete can sustain. Technology now permits measuring force during various phases of movement. Ground reaction forces during a vertical jump for example, can be measured using a fotce plate. And from this type of data, we can gain some insight into the athlete's movement coordination and muscle timing. Measuring force data was only once possible within the lab because force plates are very expensive and not very portable. Now, however, force can be measured while the athlete is training. Smartjump for example is a very, very thin force mat that can be used in the field for any jumping activities or sprinting to measure the ground contact and flight times. This photo here illustrates the placement of three force mats, so the athlete's force can be measured during the hop, the step and the jump phases of the triple jump. Rowing has made tremendous drives in the use of technology. This type of equipment is now finally within the reach of clubs and high school rowing teams. We won't go through the data on the chart for now, it simply demonstrates the richness of information a coach has access to do when using technology to assess the athlete's use of strength and power while they’re performing a skill. Now, knowing the maximum power an athlete can produce, and the average power required for optimal performance of the sports skill, provides information about the amount of reserve power the athlete has available. And you can do the same for strength. You are in essence asking two questions. The first is, what is the athlete's maximum strength or power? And the second is, how much strength or power do they use while performing the skill. And from this, you can calculate their reserve strength or power. You can use data gained from technology to assess the strength of the athlete's energy systems. The ATP CP energy system can provide the athlete with up to around 1500 watts of mechanical power. And anaerobic glycolysis can provide the athlete with a thousand to 14,000 watts of power. The upper limit of the Aerobic energy system provides the athlete with less than 1,000 watts of power.