I want to show you the last group relatively quickly, just to dip into
Istria as I said I would, to the uppermost part of what is today Croatia, to look at
one more arch in a different part of the Roman world, but during the same period.
The end of the first century BC, an arch at Pula.
I show you the location here of Pula, at the very uppermost part of Croatia.
Very close exactly at, when I went there once,
you literally you go across the border and there you are.
The Italian border, you're in Pula.
And you see the rest of Croatia here with the other great site of Split,
which we'll look at next time.
And of course the famous city of Dubrovnik at the base.
You see the arch, extremely well preserved.
Another typical Augustan arch, single bayed, two columns,
Corinthian order on a shared base.
If you look at the attic, the attic is interesting.
Local stone once again.
Look at the attic you'll see bases that are inscribed at the top.
And those bases are very helpful in terms of telling us something
quite extraordinary, and that is that this arch was put up by a woman.
We know her name, Salvia Postuma.
Salvia Postuma, S-A-L-V-I-A P-O-S-T-U-M-A.
Salvia Postuma, who put this monument up, to three male members of her family,
who were involved in military operations at this particular time,
died and then were honored by this monument.
[COUGH] I'd show you a reconstruction of what the uppermost part probably
looked like when there were statues of those three male members of the family,
possibly in their military costumes, although we don't know for sure.
At the apex of the structure, here's a detail of it also over here,
where you see victories in the spandrels, you see the Corinthian capitals,
you see cupids carrying garlands, all the kind of decoration,
you see some acanthus leaves, very much like those in the Ara Pacis.
All the kinds of decoration that have been transported from Rome,
to be used in this case, in the north of former Yugoslavia for this arch.
We see the Corinthian capitals here, we see the victories here,
we see the cupids with the garlands over there, we see a chariot scene here.
Chariot scene is interesting reference to the race of life,
in reference to victory and athletic competition, as well as victory over,
you see the bucrania there also, clearly another touch of Rome, of the Ara Pacis.
But this interesting, we've seen this throughout the semester,
the close correlation in the minds of the Romans between victory in battle,
victory in athletic competition, victory in the hunt and also victory over death.
And all of that comes together well in the arch here.
If you look up into the vault, it's very well preserved in the center.
A representation of an eagle with a serpent, holding a serpent.
This is probably a reference to death and rebirth.
And remember this is Agustan in date, so
it predates the vault of the Arch of Titus in Rome.
But this whole idea of placing the vault, a scene of death and
rebirth, leads ultimately I think to that divinization scene of Titus.
I want to take you very quickly to show you an important
tower tomb in the city of Saint-Remy, we're back in the South of France.
Saint-Remy, the ancient Glanum, G-L-A-N-U-M, ancient Glanum, which was
a very highly developed town, also in the Greek period, so here we see some overlay.
We have local Celtic custom, the Greeks were infiltrated here, then the Romans.
All of that piled, one on top of the other to make a very distinctive city.
You can also see from the remains, there are extensive remains at Glanum.
More than most of these ancient French towns, where you can see baths, and
temples, and parts of houses, and Paris styles and so on, quite well preserved.