Different Types of Rejected Children

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En provenance du cours de The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Psychology of Popularity

454 notes

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Psychology of Popularity

454 notes

The level of popularity you experienced in childhood and adolescence is still affecting you today in ways that you may not even realize. Learn about how psychologists study popularity and how these same concepts can be used in adulthood to be more successful at work, become better parents, and have a happier life.

À partir de la leçon

How Does Popularity Change Our Mood, Feelings, and Behaviors? (Part 1)

We will discuss recent findings regarding the links between popularity and psychopathology.

How Do We Study the Effects of Popularity on Later Outcomes?8:53

How Does Popularity Predict Delinquency?9:45

Different Types of Rejected Children6:31

Why Do Rejected-Aggressive Children Have so Many Difficulties?6:25

How Does Popularity Predict Internalizing Symptoms?11:57

How Does Depression Predict Peer Rejection?7:34

Rencontrer les enseignants

Dr. Mitch Prinstein
John Van Seters Distinguished Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Author of Popular: The Power of Likeability in a Status-Obsessed World
UNC Department of Psychology and Neuroscience

[MUSIC]

Hi, we're talking about the transactional model to understand why it is that

popularity plays such a big role in predicting outcomes later on.

And for now, we're looking at externalizing outcomes and

we've been talking about the way that maybe social behavior and

peer status really play a role in forming one another in a cyclical fashion over

the course of development.

And there's something about that interaction that really might be important

for understanding externalizing symptoms, like delinquency and

oppositional behavior and conduct disorder.

So this makes us have to think a little bit about some of the work that's been

done to understand what types of social behaviors characterized rejected kids.

And you might recall,

we talked earlier about some work that was first done by Toon Cillessen.

And he determined that rejected kids come in a few different shapes and sizes,

what his work really suggested was that there are some kids who are rejected and

that seems to be really characterized by them also being aggressive.

So aggressive behavior might be why they were rejected and

there's another group that's rejected and withdrawn and

then there's another group that's rejected-other.

And by that, these are kids that engage in peculiar or odd behavior.

Sometimes, this really has to do with a context that they're in.

So a behavior that might not be considered peculiar or odd in one setting,

might be odd in a different setting.

So its a little bit of a catch, all miscellaneous category.

But we're going to talk specifically about the rejected-aggressive kids,

because they, of course, seem to be the ones most likely to

experience externalizing symptoms later on.

But what's important is that, it's not just being aggressive that's important for

these externalizing symptoms,

it's something about being both aggressive and rejected on top of that.

So John Coie and his colleagues did a study, also back in the early 90s, but

one of the first ones to really start demonstrating how important this idea of

social behavior and rejection interacting with each other might be for

predicting externalizing symptoms.

What he did was, he looked at kids' data when they were in the third grade,

he had information about, which kids were aggressive based on peer nominations.

So those kids that got a lot of nominations from their peers,

as starting fights with others and getting mad and angry easily.

He categorized those kids as high and low, aggressive or not.

And then of course, he also would add sociometric status categories and

looked at the rejected kids versus all of those other categories combined,

which are just called not rejected.

And he wanted to know from these kids' aggression and rejection in third grade,

what was their externalizing diagnosis likelihood many years later?

What he found was a comparison, we can say that those kids who are neither

aggressive, nor rejected about 18% of them had experienced some diagnosis.

Now I should mention, this was a pretty high risk sample.

Actually, in North Carolina and a group that had already a much higher rate of

externalizing diagnosis than we would see in the general population.

So 18%'s a little bit high, but we can think about it here as our baseline.

If you're neither aggressive nor, rejected in this particular community,

18% likelihood of having this diagnosis years later.

The kids who were rejected, but

not aggressive about a third of them have this diagnosis.

The kids who were aggressive, but

not rejected about 40% of them had this diagnosis.

But clearly, the big concern was when you

had the combination of being both aggressive and rejected.

So in this case, you can see that about two-third of the kids,

years later had a diagnosis for externalizing disorder.

That's a remarkably high amount and it really, clearly demonstrates,

there's something about the combination of rejection

with aggression that's more important than either one of those alone.

So a lot of the research has really been looking at externalizing symptoms in boys,

but, at least here in the United States, there's been growing concern about

the number of externalizing symptoms among girls.

So it seems that within about a ten year period towards the end of last millennium,

we saw that the rate of externalizing symptoms in girls has increased

quite dramatically, we've seen a huge increase in delinquent crimes.

Specifically, among girls at a pace,

much higher than the increase in those same crimes among boys.

We've seen actually, assaults and person directed aggression

increasing 155% among girls, which again is much higher than among boys.

And we've also seen huge increases in other kinds of crimes among

girls in particular, especially when it comes to weapon carrying or

getting into physical fights.

So because of that, some of the research that I did, actually back when I was

a graduate student with my Adviser Annette La Greca and

was to try and understand whether some of the results that people have found for

boys might also apply to girls.

And what my adviser had were some data for girls in grades four through six.

So these would be kids who are about 12 years old down to about 8,

9 years old or so.

And data were then available for them six years later when they towards

the end of adolescence in their former schooling.

And what we actually found was that the girls that were aggressive or

more likely to show severe adolescent aggression six years later, but

the results were actually very clear that it was the combination of aggression and

pure rejection.

So here peer rejection was changing the nature of the relationship between

childhood and adolescent aggression.

That combo was a very powerful predictor of adolescent aggression.

And interestingly, the effects were just as strong for girls as we've seen for

boys in many prior studies.

So next, what we'll talk about is what exactly is happening with these rejected

aggressive kids that may be playing a role in their externalizing outcomes so

many years later.

Stay tuned.

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