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Video 1.5: Minerals and Rocks

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La Terre : son climat, son histoire, ses processus

Université de Manchester

4.6 (92 notes) | 6.2K étudiants inscrits

Visualiser le programme de cours

Develop a greater appreciation for how the air, water, land, and life formed and have interacted over the last 4.5 billion years.

Avis

4.6 (92 notes)

5 stars
65 ratings
4 stars
19 ratings
3 stars
8 ratings

PG

Oct 27, 2017

Excellent broad content. Ideal for the learner or someone wanting to get to grips with the basics.

RP

Nov 28, 2018

Valuable information about climate change and global warming.

À partir de la leçon

Building Blocks of Earth’s Climate System

Video 1.0: Introduction and Philosophy7:45

Video 1.1: How does science work?6:21

Optional Video: How do scientific papers get published?10:50

Video 1.2: Introduction to the Earth's climate system8:49

Video 1.3: How do we measure geologic time?9:50

Video 1.4: Geological Time Scale Song2:50

Video 1.5: Minerals and Rocks2:59

Video 1.5.1: Igneous Rock3:03

Video 1.5.2: Sedimentary Rock6:15

Video 1.5.3: Metamorphic Rock5:39

Video 1.6: Using radioactivity to date rocks - Dr. Ray Burgess7:48

Video 1.7: Using stable isotopes to understand Earth processes - Dr. Ray Burgess6:15

Video 1.8: How do we know how old the Earth is?5:46

Video 1.9: What are those rocks doing lying around?10:48

Enseigné par

Prof. David M. Schultz
Professor of Synoptic Meteorology
Dr Rochelle Taylor
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Dr Jonathan Fairman
Postdoctoral Research Associate

Hi, I'm David Schultz.

Welcome to our Earth, its climate, history and processes.

In this lecture, I want to talk about minerals and rocks.

To start off with, what are the definitions of minerals and rocks?

Let's look behind me here.

A mineral is a natural occurring, solid, crystalline substance,

usually inorganic, with a specific chemical composition.

So, let's look at these

components of this definition to get a better understanding of what a mineral is.

Minerals naturally occurring, so something like glass or

concrete would not be a mineral.

Solid crystalline substance,

we need to have a crystalline substance in order to be a mineral.

So, something like Opal, which is simply

amorphous silica without a crystalline

structure would not be considered a mineral.

Usually inorganic, of course, we can have some organic minerals.

With a specific chemical composition.

That is the key.

A mineral needs to be a specific composition that we can write down.

So, for instance, here I've got a mineral, very large mineral here.

This is called halite, it's sodium chloride, or table salt.

So, it has a specific chemical composition NaCl.

Here is another mineral, this is a muscovite.

Mica, it's very thin, very laminar.

You can see the crystalline structure to it,

in this case is sheets of this mineral.

The next definition is a rock.

A rock is a naturally occurring, solid aggregate of minerals or,

in some cases, a nonmineral solid matter.

So, let's look at the components of this definition.

Again, naturally occurring.

A solid aggregate of minerals.

So, it could be a single mineral.

The halite here is also a rock.

It's a mineral, but it is large enough to comprise a rock as well.

Or, in some cases, nonmineral solid matter.

So nonmineral solid matter might be something like coal,

which is essentially compressed carbon and

other substances from decayed plant and animal material.

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