The Strategies of Nonviolence are Timeless and Universal

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From Freedom Rides to Ferguson: Narratives of Nonviolence in the American Civil Rights Movement

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Emory University

From Freedom Rides to Ferguson: Narratives of Nonviolence in the American Civil Rights Movement

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The Modern Civil Rights Movement is a significant landmark in United States history. This movement was a struggle for human rights directly challenging the nation to extend its democratic principles to African Americans and all peoples. This course sheds light on the often overlooked strategic planning that supported the direction of the events and is told by a voice intimately involved in the organization of movement—Dr. Bernard LaFayette, Jr. Topics include the history of the campaigns, the different coalitions and groups, philosophy and methods of nonviolent direct action, and the contemporary application of nonviolent conflict transformation. The course hosts several guest speakers, including Andrew Young, Reverend C.T. Vivian, Henry "Hank" Thomas, and Constance Curry. Upon completion of this course, learners will be able to: ● Discuss the contributions and involvement of civil rights activists and leaders in the Civil Rights Movement (CRM) campaigns in the United States. ● Examine the chronology and phases of the Movement and CRM campaigns. ● Recognize and characterize the diverse activist groups involved in the CRM. ● Discuss Martin Luther King Jr.’s philosophy of nonviolence from a historical perspective. ● List and define the principles and strategies of nonviolence. ● Examine organizational and social change applications related to nonviolence. ● Identify the role of nonviolence in modern activism along with additional resources to broaden knowledge of principles of nonviolence. ● Recognize the application of nonviolence theories to activism, current issues, and everyday life.

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Organizations of the Civil Rights Movement

Upon completion of this module, learners will be able to: 1) list the major groups of the American Civil Rights Movement, 2) discuss the impact of CRM groups, 3) discuss the importance of having multiple groups involved in the CRM, and 4) analyze the importance of strategy in organizing groups.

The Strategies of Nonviolence are Timeless and Universal5:21

Confronting Hate with Love7:51

Fearlessness as a Strategy of Resistance13:24

Rencontrer les enseignants

Bernard LaFayette, Jr.
Civil Rights Leader

[MUSIC]

Welcome back.

Today we're talking again with Dr. Bernard Lafayette.

Throughout the course we will be meeting with different guests and

visiting different historical sites throughout the Southeast.

Today we're at the National Center for Civil and

Human Rights in Atlanta, Georgia.

My name is Pellom McDaniels and

I am the Curator of African American Collections at Emory University.

Today's topic is organizing groups.

Welcome back Dr. Lafayette.

>> Thank you.

>> So the first question I have for

you is how does attention to the work of organizing groups

redefine our understanding of the modern Civil Rights Movement?

>> Well, one of the things that we must keep in mind is that the techniques and

strategies and all of the orchestration that we did,

in the early part of the 60s, and

middle part in terms of the different movements that we're involved in

are actually not simply given to that particular time in history.

These were universal.

In fact, they are applicable today and they were applicable before 1960.

In fact, we learned from those who had conducted movements

before we got started like Mahatma Gandhi.

And so we really look at those techniques and methods.

Some people feel that, well, they work back in the 60s but they won't work now.

Well, they're not really relegated to in a particular time in history.

They're universal and they can be also implemented and

the approach can be used not only in the U.S. if for any period of time,

but also in other countries because they are based on human values.

They're based on the Eccentricities

that beyond the particular geographical location

that when we talk about people having compassion for

example, that's not relegated to an ethnic group.

>> Right.

>> Or it's not relegated to people who live in a certain part of the world.

Or even a age for that matter.

Or their status in society, whether they are rulers or

whether they are being ruled or whether they are rude or come out of the roots.

So therefor, when people learn these strategies and

techniques and apply them, they work.

Now some people, like for example, when I was in Israel once and

we were visiting Bethlehem, and

there was a family there in Bethlehem who owned a hotel.

And one of the relatives was from New York and was part of our visiting team.

And the cousin was on the city council, this woman.

And while we were there having dinner at the restaurant

at the hotel the guest,

from New York, a relative came and said, Dr.

Lafayette, would you mind talking to my cousin here.

She doesn't think that nonviolence will work.

And I was actually trying to get my food.

>> [LAUGH] Right, that's right.

>> So I wasn't quite ready to have a discussion or a seminar.

So I said I agree with your cousin, nonviolence doesn't work.

And she gasped for breath and looked at me and stretched her eyes.

And I said, no nonviolence doesn't work unless you learn how to work it.

You can have an airplane but if you don't have a pilot to fly that plane, okay?

So the quality of the training that your pilot will get

would determine the quality of your trip in the plane.

So it's nonviolence has to be worked.

It won't work by itself.

>> It's not something you can just, open up in a can, and everything.

>> Exactly.

So we look at today's problems and issues.

And I am absolutely convinced because over the past 50 years that I have applied

these principles and this training and it has made a tremendous difference.

And that's why I have confidence and faith that things can change because

we continuously training leaders in the non-violent methods.

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