Os déficits comerciais são um problema?

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En provenance du cours de University of California, Irvine

O Poder da Macroeconomia: princípios da economia no mundo real (em Português)

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University of California, Irvine

O Poder da Macroeconomia: princípios da economia no mundo real (em Português)

191 notes

Neste curso, você conhecerá os princípios fundamentais da macroeconomia geralmente ensinados em cursos trimestrais ou semestrais para alunos de graduação ou MBA. E, talvez mais importante ainda, você também aprenderá a aplicar esses princípios a uma grande variedade de situações, tanto de sua vida particular quanto profissional. Assim, o Poder da Macroeconomia vai ajudá-lo a ser bem-sucedido em um ambiente globalizado e cada vez mais competitivo. This is a translated version. To join the original English version, please visit this page https://www.coursera.org/learn/principles-of-macroeconomics

À partir de la leçon

Taxas de câmbio, balanço de pagamentos e déficits comerciais

Os déficits comerciais são um problema?3:21

Algumas considerações sobre o balanço de pagamentos5:38

Definição de taxas de câmbio e "Por que elas variam?"7:58

Câmbio fixo versus Câmbio flutuante, padrão-ouro e o mecanismo “preço-espécie-fluxo” de Hume6:45

Rencontrer les enseignants

Dr. Peter Navarro
Professor
Paul Merage School of Business

[MUSIC]

Welcome to The Power of Macroeconomics.

Lecture Ten, Exchange Rates, the Balance of Payments, and Trade Deficits.

The purpose of this lesson is to explain

how exchange rates and our international monetary system work.

And illustrate how fiscal and monetary policies may

or may not be used in a global economy.

We will also examine the roots and

scope of America's chronic trade deficit problem.

>> Mirror, mirror on the wall, who's the biggest debtor nation of them all?

The surprising answer is not Brazil or Mexico or some other developing country,

rather it is the richest nation in the world, the United States of America.

In this regard the US has come full circle.

For when America was in its infancy

it was likewise a debtor nation.

In fact, from the beginning of the

revolutionary way until well after the Civil War,

America borrowed heavily from the nations of

Europe to build its capital stock and infrastructure.

It wasn't until the US helped Europe fight two world wars that the debtor shoe

was put on the other foot. During those years the US greatly

expanded its exports to Europe and after each war it

lent large sums of money to the combatants for post-war relief.

In the course of doing so the US became the world's largest creditor nation.

Beginning in the early 1980's, America began running huge trade deficits.

And over the years, these trade deficits

have led to an accumulated net foreign debt,

in the trillions and trillions of dollars.

To many observers, America's chronic trade deficits are

every bit as dangerous as its chronic budget deficits.

These trade deficit hawks warn that America is being forced to sell

off its land and its factories and its future, to finance these deficits.

Others however see the trade deficits simply as an opportunity to

buy inexpensive foreign goods, and enjoy a higher

standard of living than Americans could otherwise achieve.

These trade deficit doves argue that if foreign

countries are foolish enough to sell us cheap goods,

we should be wise enough to buy and enjoy

them and not try to erect protectionist trade barriers.

In this lesson we're going to examine the roots and scope of the trade

deficit problem from the financial side of the ledger.

To do so we must first learn some basic balance of payments accounting.

Then we'll describe how exchange rates work

and how the international monetary system is structured.

Once we get these fundamentals down we can then talk about

the important impacts the domestic fiscal and monetary policies can have on

foreign capital markets and the trade deficit.

From this discussion we'll also come to better understand the

important link between the budget and trade deficits and why

it is increasingly important for the nations of the world

to coordinate their fiscal and monetary policies in a global economy.

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