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Itérations : quiz

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Initiation à la programmation (en C++)

École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne

4.8 (251 notes) | 23K étudiants inscrits

Ce cours initie aux bases de la programmation en utilisant le langage C++ : variables, boucles, fonctions, ... Il ne présuppose pas de connaissance préalable. Les aspects plus avancés (programmation orientée objet) sont donnés dans un cours suivant, «Introduction à la programmation orientée objet (en C++)». Il s'appuie sur de nombreux éléments pédagogiques : vidéos sous-titrées, quizz dans et hors vidéos, exercices, devoirs notés automatiquement, notes de cours.

Visualiser le programme de cours

Compétences que vous apprendrez

Computer Programming, C++11, C++, Programming Language

Avis

4.8 (251 notes)

5 stars
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LL

Dec 24, 2016

J'ai commencé ce cours pour repartir sur de bonne bases en programmation c++ et je dois dire que je l'ai trouvé très clair et très complet.

MM

May 17, 2018

Très bon enseignement. Je suis pas pleinement à la hauteur du dernier devoir mais j'ai bien avancé tout de même. Merci

À partir de la leçon

Structures de contrôle (2) : boucles et itérations

Cette semaine, nous terminons la présentation des « structures de contrôle » avec les boucles et les itérations qui permettent de faire répéter certaines parties d'un programme.

Itérations : introduction12:37

Itérations : approfondissement et exemples19:17

Itérations : quiz9:04

Boucles conditionnelles22:31

Blocs d'instructions12:18

Enseigné par

Jean-Cédric Chappelier
Dr.
Jamila Sam
Dr

Transcription

Now we will take two quizzes regarding

nested loops and conditional statements.

In your opinion, what will this first code print upon execution ?

The correct answer is D. Let us see why.

The code's first "for" instruction declares a variable

i intialized to 0.

The condition is "i strictly less than 3".

And the increment statement is plus plus i.

i will thus take the values 0, 1 and 2.

The first time we enter the loop, i is 0.

Now we move on to this second "for" instruction,

within the first one. This second "for" instruction

declares a variable j, intialized to 0. The condition is

"j strictly less than 4". The increment statement is plus plus j.

j will thus take the values 0, 1, 2, and 3.

The first time we enter the "for j" loop, this one,

j will have the value 0. Now we execute the instructions

within this "for j" loop, starting with this

conditional statement and testing the condition "i equal to j".

i is 0.

j is 0 aswell.

The condition is therefore true and we proceed to execute this instruction here,

which prints an asterisk. By the way, there is no

double less-than sign-endl at the end of this line.

Thus, the next print will be displayed here, right after the asterisk.

We skip the "else" part of the conditional statement.

We reach the end of the "for j" loop which iterates on j and jump back here.

j takes the value 1 and we continue within the "for j" loop.

First executing the conditional statement

and testing the condition "i equal to j". i is 0.

This time, j is 1. The condition is thus false.

We execute this part of the conditional statement,

thus printing j's value.

So, we print 1 here.

We reach the end of the "for j" loop and, again,

jump back here.

j will now take the value 2.

We will print 2.

Then j will take the value 3 and we will print this 3.

Finally, we exit de "for loop" which iterates on j and

reach this instruction here,

triggering a line break.

Therefore, the next printing will occur here.

We reach the end of the "for i" loop

and jump back here.

i will take the value 1.

Now we execute these instructions again,

within this here "for loop".

We restart here and j will be initialized to 0 again.

We execute the instructions within the

"for j" loop and we test this condition :

"i equal to j". i has the value 1.

j has the value 0. The condition

is false and we thus print j's value,

that is, 0.

At this point, we jump back here and j will take the value 1.

We resume within the "for j" loop

and execute this conditional statement, namely the condition "i equal to j".

This time,

i has the value 1 and so does j. The condition is thus true.

And we can execute this part of the conditional statement :

printing an asterisk. We jump back here,

and continue within the "for j" loop. You should

now be convinced that this

will eventually be printed. The second quiz is

a little bit harder. Please note that, here, we're using

the value of the variable i, declared within the first "for loop".

In your opinion, what is the correct answer ?

The correct answer is A. Let us

explain why. As before,

the first "for loop" initializes a variable i to zero.

The condition is "i strictly less than 3".

And the increment statement is plus plus i.

Just as before, i will take the values 0, 1 and 2.

We begin by

entering the "for i" loop,

with i being 0. We execute this instruction here,

which is another "for loop" initializing a variable j to 0.

The condition is "j strictly less than i".

i is 0. j is 0 as well.

Thus this condition

is false. Thus we exit this loop

immediately and end up here.

In other words, we simply

generate a line break, which we will represent this way.

Now we jump back here. i will

take the value 1, j is

initialized to 0. The condition is

now "j strictly less than i" while i is 1.

Thus, j will take the value 0.

We will then exit the loop immediately.

For now, j is 0. We'll execute this instruction here.

That is, printing j's value : 0.

We exit the loop and reach

this instruction causing a line break.

We are now at the end of the "for i" loop and come back

here. i will take the value 2.

We enter the "for i" loop and execute this

instruction "for" which once again initiliazes j to 0.

The condition is now "j strictly less than 2".

Thus, j will take the values

0 and 1. We start with j,

having the value 0 and execute this "cout" instruction .

namely, we print j's value, that is 0.

We reach the end of the "for j" loop

and come back here with j now being 1.

We will execute this instruction, printing

j's value, that is 1 and exit the loop.

Then, we'll execute this instrution here, generating

a line break. We reach the end of the "for i" loop.

i now has the value 3.

The condition is thus false

and we exit the loop, reaching the end of the code.

We clearly see that we've printed the given result.

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