If someone has a first language and they speak it continuously and
they're educated in that language, their proficiency in general will be higher.
Their ability will be higher than someone who learned it later in life.
But, we did have the opportunity to do this because there are a group
of Spanish speakers in the US who actually become better in English, and
they acquire more proficiency in English across a number of measures.
If we asked them to name pictures, if we asked them to say words into a microphone,
they're faster in English than Spanish.
There're many other aspects of processing,
where they show increased speed or accuracy for English, the second language.
And this finding has been