Okay, so, We still have some time. We can talk about another behavior. This quite, Important behavior is eating. This one, actually, then we used a mouse model as a demonstration, okay? For the eating, it's related to everyone here. Some kinds of observations in the animal experiments is quite interesting. So, okay, so if you, Starve the animal, the mouse for example. Okay, what will happen to them? They will get thinner and thinner. Of course. So but then you, Give the food, after this treatment, and then you give back the food to the animal. Let them eat at their own will, okay? What will happen to them? Well, they gain the body weight again, maintained at the same level as before, as the healthiest state. Okay, that means actually these kinds of behavior you can control, right. Another opposite approach. Okay, so right now, you force the animal to feed a lot. For example, you, maybe in the food, actually, you have a lot of food, high calorie food to them. And then, they eat a lot. And then, they grow big, okay? But then, if you, again, Let the animal eat at their own will, and then the body weight will recover to the previous healthy state, okay? Just again to show you, the animals actually, they can control this kind of behavior, and quite robustly. Okay, so, Which region in the brain controls this kind of behavior? And the people do the science experiments. What they did actually then, they disrupt the brain region, okay? Of course, there was a lot, deep in the study actually in early days, and the people found actually, if you destroy the hypothalamus, okay, the animals can grow really big. They cannot control their eating anymore if you destroy the hypothalamus. Okay, that means it give you a clue is the hypothalamus actually is important, it controls the eating behavior, okay? All right, so then people did these kind of clever experiments. These experiments actually is you, Take a surgery to link two individual mouse, link them together. From where? From the [INAUDIBLE]. So this part is individual. That makes actually the [INAUDIBLE] correlation, somehow can be shared partially. This is important. When they share the blood circulation, that means some signals generated in one animal can go to another animal and they affect each other, right? These are very clever experiments. Let's see what happened. This is actually the body weight, and then this is manipulation of the experiments, let's take a look. This is a normal, single animal, okay. It's about 300 grams. And then if you destroy the hypothalamus and what do you found? Actually, this single animal will get a lot of body weight. [FOREIGN] Okay? Now let's take a look, if you linked these two animals together without the surgery for the hypothalamus. These are fine. They can also maintain the body weight here. Okay, important these experiments. So when you link them together, actually you destroy, one, animals have and they're animals, of course, will eat a lot and then the body weight really gain a lot. But quite interesting, okay? So the other animal you see. The body weight should have lost it a little bit, Okay? Okay, so this is the maybe not so dramatic. And let's take a look at this data. This data actually is, gets the fat tissue from the mouse, and then, wait then. See what will happen to that fat of this animal. And then, most dramatic is this one. Take a look here. So, the animals without the hypothalamus get a lot of the fat, all right? And then the other animals actually not much fat there. Actually get thinner and thinner. What happened? Make a guess here, what happened to them? So the logic here is actually, okay, so because these animals, the hypothalamus destroyed, cannot control the eating behavior anymore. And then the animal will eat a lot. When you eat a lot, that animal created a [INAUDIBLE] feedback signal. That feedback signal somehow goes through the blood circulation to another animal. That animal animal, receive this inhibition signal. Then that animal don't eat any more. Reject to eat, refute to eating. And it, of course, then will get thinner and thinner, right? Okay, yep. >> [INAUDIBLE] normal animal. >> Yep. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Good. If in this animal or the animal? In this animal, in this destroyed animal, hypothalamus is more functional and there was a feedback signal produced by the hypothalamus. It's thy hypothalamus's detection signal. That's the information from here. This okay? All right, so if the animal ate a lot and somehow their eating create a feedback signal, inhibition signal. But not from the hypothalamus, maybe from somewhere, some other place. And then that signal actually should go, act on the hypothalamus. So then it means hypothalamus actually is the receiver of that information, okay? Yeah, this is quite clever experiments, right? And then what's the signal? >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Yes. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Okay. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Okay, so that's a good point. So maybe you also can monitor change this one to the food assumption, right, consumption. Yes, I guess it's correlated. So in this case, for these animals, will eat a lot, and a lot of food consumption, yeah.
