3.1.6 Identification of odorant-receptor genes-II

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Advanced Neurobiology II

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Peking University

Advanced Neurobiology II

58 notes

Hello everyone! Welcome to advanced neurobiology! Neuroscience is a wonderful branch of science on how our brain perceives the external world, how our brain thinks, how our brain responds to the outside of the world, and how during disease or aging the neuronal connections deteriorate. We’re trying to understand the molecular, cellular nature and the circuitry arrangement of how nervous system works. Through this course, you'll have a comprehensive understanding of basic neuroanatomy, electral signal transduction, movement and several diseases in the nervous system. This advanced neurobiology course is composed of 2 parts (Advanced neurobiology I and Advanced neurobiology Il). They are related to each other on the content but not on scoring or certification, so you can choose either or both. It’s recommended that you take them sequentially and it’s great if you’ve already acquired a basic understanding of biology. Thank you for joining us!

À partir de la leçon

Chemosensory system

3.1.1 The senses of chemoreception16:47

3.1.2 Olfactory organization14:29

3.1.3 Olfactory transduction14:01

3.1.4 Olfactory adaption14:36

3.1.5 Identification of odorant-receptor genes-I16:35

3.1.6 Identification of odorant-receptor genes-II11:42

3.1.7 Three models of olfactory organization13:16

Rencontrer les enseignants

Chenjian Li
Professor
School of Life Sciences
Donggen Luo
Research Fellow
School of Life Sciences
Yan Zhang
Professor
School of Life Sciences, Peking University

One cell express one receptor.

And then, how would this cell, the connection to the brain?

And then, there's another very important topic.

And that, we have this different models about the organization.

For example, the same color indicate

they should express the same receptor.

Then the organization of the system

can be any of these three A, B, C.

The first one, A, is actually the receptor,

those neurons express the same receptor.

They cluster in your nose.

[FOREIGN] Okay?

And then, also they're targeted to the brain, to the same location.

And then, from the brain, there is one type of

a neuron selectively connect to that region.

This is kind of a specific, just like a telephone line, right?

The second one is actually, okay, it's a different situation.

The second proposal is, in the, in the nose,

olfactory epithellium, those cells express different receptors.

Actually, they're intermingled.

[FOREIGN] Some magic will happen

when these axons enter the brain.

The magic is actually the same type of receptor-expressing neuron.

They kind of find their own way to converge into the same location.

[FOREIGN] This is a second hypothesis.

Now the second one will be, okay, is that B.

That means the cell expressed, even the receptors, they intermingled.

But the targeting also is kind of intermingled together.

The there is no kind of sorting happen.

Yeah, to determine this thing actually is also quite,

actually, so from Reacher Access lab.

[FOREIGN].

Let's take a look.

First, you want to actually look at actually the cell express,

the same type of receptor, can cluster in your nose.

Now, these, why we propose this kind of study, like in the visual system,

as we said, and also in the auditory system, there's a map map.

Do you remember?

Like in the visual system there is a spatial map there.

[FOREIGN] Brain region,

right, it's a map,

a spatial map.

In the auditory system, there is a frequency map, all right?

So apparently here, what kind of a map will they have?

But here, this challenge to determine the map,

because it's a chemical, what kind of features do they share?

It's quite different from the sound, quite different from the light.

Now, but people still kind of interested in this

topic because based on the vision studies and the other studies.

So if you want to determine this tissue then what you can do, quite simple.

Here is like a,digestor uses an in situ hybridization.

Use different approach for what, for different receptors.

For example, here there are three types of receptor probe.

And then what you can see?

This is Drosophila.

[FOREIGN] Drosophila are quite interesting.

[FOREIGN]

Now you can see

the different

receptor expression

cluster.

[FOREIGN]

Although,

[FOREIGN].

It's not so clear, okay?

[FOREIGN]

The pattern or

image, you can't,

[FOREIGN] But

this is actually

in the olfactory

epithelium.

You can check the distribution of these different cells and

then the results is actually quite distributed, intermingled.

Different receptor neuron, okay?

How does the brain, how can you use,

what kind of method to determine the brain, the connection?

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> [FOREIGN] How you do it?

You adjust the [INAUDIBLE] in one kind of olfactory

neuron [INAUDIBLE] it's a map of this kind of

receptor in [INAUDIBLE] area like that.

You need another kind of [INAUDIBLE] to express [INAUDIBLE].

>> Good, okay, okay.

Is it easy or difficult to do the experiments?

>> It's difficult.

>> Difficult.

What's the difficulty actually, I don't know.

Why is difficult, which part is difficult?

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> [FOREIGN]

>> [INAUDIBLE]

>> [FOREIGN] Okay.

>> [INAUDIBLE]

>> [FOREIGN]

>> [INAUDIBLE]

>> [FOREIGN]

>> [FOREIGN]

That's actually

from Reacher Access Lab.

[FOREIGN] P2 receptor,

the promoter.

[FOREIGN] So

you see the promoter,

receptor P2,

to make a receptor P2.

[FOREIGN]

This is in

the notes, okay,

epithelial.

[FOREIGN]

We talk

about it,

the same

homing,

right.

[FOREIGN]

[FOREIGN]

One site,

there

are about

2000

of these

Glomerulus.

[FOREIGN]

Very

interesting.

These axons go to the brain.

They are targeted to your sights.

One it just decide to get median.

[FOREIGN] Side lateral.

[FOREIGN]

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