So then this experiment actually are initially done. In the again the squeak per permission okay. Another neural muscular junction the reason being the neural muscular junction is a goo for permission to recall the post nectar response because the post nectar muscle are pretty big. But a pre synapse terminal are teeny tiny, okay. Well your wrong, in this case to see the calcium signal you series the calcium influx into the personal terminal. If you want to measure it you want to use a pretty big or robust prism terminal. You can use your natural or use your diet efficiency to recover [INAUDIBLE] And then it turns out that hydrogen oxide started to rejoin axon, and it's a prisoner terminal another joining axon. And these two axons that connect with each other [INAUDIBLE] Screen giant synapse. Okay, that synapse is big. The axle is big, the prisoner terminal is big. Okay, and you turn this terminal is like a finger like structure. But it has a mappable axon and each axon in a way one Post-synaptic axon okay. And then the post-synaptic axon either will contort the maso-contraction of the to inject water out for the secrete to go backwards. Okay, so the secrete used in this one single giant pre-synaptic terminals to coordinate a lot of muscles to control the water injection, okay. And they have this giant axon the reason is I hope you guys that you look for and calculated the giant axon was the big perimeter. The axon potential tells us much faster, okay. And why is that Please check the literature and textbook, all right? And then screen doing the evolution, it has this giant axon. So then whenever it needs to escape, okay, sees some danger that it needs to escape, its reflex are much, much faster, okay? So just Just like that. They just control all the muscle contraction and then eject the water. And sometimes it sprays some ink, right? And then just run away, okay? So now this is showing the squid drawing synapse, okay? And you have a relatively big prisoner terminal and this is a Post-synaptic recording and then this post-synaptic axon is the one to record the action potential and understand its magnetism. And then it tends to outlet again the calcium dependence for screen is the same. If you have the calcium outside, you can recall the post-synaptic response. If you don't have the calcium the post now response is gone just like the neural muscular junction. But then you have the ways to manipulate or record a prisoner terminal unlike the neural muscular junction, okay. So this is the way. Okay, and then. And then, they can do [INAUDIBLE] okay? First the calcium cart is [INAUDIBLE] and the calcium diet is [INAUDIBLE]. Can demonstrate there is indeed calcium influx. Okay. But does that prove is this calcium influx? That the sufficient mediator transmitter release. This could be another scenario that is maybe when the action potential comes. There is some ion channel opening and close and long calcium comes in. And then you can detect it by either trophysiological, measuring calcium current, or you can detect it by the calcium diet. But maybe this is just a [INAUDIBLE] It has nothing to do with transmitter release, and that [INAUDIBLE] that still is [INAUDIBLE] that binds to the surface of the receptor, and that triggers transmitter release. So, demonstrate calcium influx itself Do not [INAUDIBLE] this is a calcium that will trigger the transmitter release. It just proved there is calcium influx that is core related with the transmitter release. Does it prove them? It's still could be the membrane has some receptor, this is signal transduction, right? So how do you do to prove it's this calcium influx? And then in only influx, but also functionally this influx calcium are important to trigger transmitter release? Let me rephrase the question okay if you guys don't understand. Our clearest proposed experiment to measure calcium carbonate. Or calcium that in to salary, can only damage straight, that is calcium influx. Doing that propagation of action potential to enough terminals. And then, this transmitter reduce, so we found, that's a correlation, that's a calcium influx, that's transmitter reduce. Okay? It does no proof, it's this calcium influx is functionally important. Maybe the functionally important ones are still the extracellular calcium that binds to a receptor and that trigger the transmitter release okay. You simply just have to measure it. Okay. So how do you design experiment to prove the influx calcium are critical for transmitter release. The one possibility is if you blocked the calcium influx. And then while you did you only block the calcium influx. You don't block other things. Okay? They don't affect other calcium fighting proteins that are working in the plasma membrane, okay? And then if under that condition, there's no transmitter release, this could be very strong evidence.
